Russia's policy on ID cards:
Internal passport is compulsory at 14 (but there is no penalty for not having one until the age of 16) and reissued with a new photograph at 20, 45. Although there are no laws in Russia requiring to carry a proof of identity, in certain places, such as Moscow, it is sensible to carry a passport at all times as lack of an ID during ad-hoc police checks is sufficient grounds for detention. A passport is also required for travel by long-range trains and airlines. There are a couple of operations that require an internal passport, (e.g. all notarial operations, land to high value assets).
Norway:

Norway has no national card identification, but non-national ID cards do exist and are needed for security reasons such as accessing bank information if a passport is not present. In the period of 2011 - 2012 the Norwegian government did plan on volunteer national ID cards to be usable to travel to other EU nations.

Sweden has a Id card system which is not compulsory, but is issued by the Swedish police.
The ID card has a RFID chip and the ID card can be used to enter Schengen countries.


French ID cards: are free of charge. A fingerprint of the holder is taken, which is stored in paper files and which can only be accessed by a judge in closely defined circumstances. A central database duplicates the information on the card, but strict laws limit access to the information and prevent it being linked to other databases or records.